The Java Regex alebo Regulárny výraz je API pre definovať vzor na vyhľadávanie alebo manipuláciu s reťazcami .

Je široko používaný na definovanie obmedzenia reťazcov, ako je overenie hesla a e-mailu. Po preštudovaní Java regex tutoriálu budete môcť otestovať svoje regulárne výrazy pomocou Java Regex Tester Tool.

Java Regex API poskytuje 1 rozhranie a 3 triedy java.util.regex balík.

balík java.util.regex

Triedy Matcher a Pattern poskytujú možnosť regulárneho výrazu Java. Balík java.util.regex poskytuje nasledujúce triedy a rozhrania pre regulárne výrazy.

1. Rozhranie MatchResult
2. Trieda dohadzovačov
3. Trieda vzorov
4. Trieda PatternSyntaxException

Trieda dohadzovačov

Implementuje Výsledok zápasu rozhranie. Je to a motor regulárneho výrazu ktorý sa používa na vykonávanie operácií zhody v sekvencii znakov.

Trieda vzorov

To je kompilovaná verzia regulárneho výrazu . Používa sa na definovanie vzoru pre motor regulárneho výrazu.

Príklad regulárnych výrazov Java

Existujú tri spôsoby, ako napísať príklad regulárneho výrazu v jazyku Java.

 import java.util.regex.*; public class RegexExample1{ public static void main(String args[]){ //1st way Pattern p = Pattern.compile('.s');//. represents single character Matcher m = p.matcher('as'); boolean b = m.matches(); //2nd way boolean b2=Pattern.compile('.s').matcher('as').matches(); //3rd way boolean b3 = Pattern.matches('.s', 'as'); System.out.println(b+' '+b2+' '+b3); }}  

Výkon

 true true true  

Regulárny výraz. Príklad

. (bodka) predstavuje jeden znak.

 import java.util.regex.*; class RegexExample2{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println(Pattern.matches('.s', 'as'));//true (2nd char is s) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('.s', 'mk'));//false (2nd char is not s) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('.s', 'mst'));//false (has more than 2 char) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('.s', 'amms'));//false (has more than 2 char) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('..s', 'mas'));//true (3rd char is s) }}  

Regex triedy znakov

Regulárny výraz Triedy znakov Príklad

 import java.util.regex.*; class RegexExample3{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]', 'abcd'));//false (not a or m or n) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]', 'a'));//true (among a or m or n) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]', 'ammmna'));//false (m and a comes more than once) }}  

Kvantifikátory regulárneho výrazu

Kvantifikátory špecifikujú počet výskytov znaku.

Príklady tried znakov a kvantifikátorov regulárneho výrazu

 import java.util.regex.*; class RegexExample4{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println('? quantifier ....'); System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]?', 'a'));//true (a or m or n comes one time) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]?', 'aaa'));//false (a comes more than one time) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]?', 'aammmnn'));//false (a m and n comes more than one time) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]?', 'aazzta'));//false (a comes more than one time) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]?', 'am'));//false (a or m or n must come one time) System.out.println('+ quantifier ....'); System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]+', 'a'));//true (a or m or n once or more times) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]+', 'aaa'));//true (a comes more than one time) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]+', 'aammmnn'));//true (a or m or n comes more than once) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]+', 'aazzta'));//false (z and t are not matching pattern) System.out.println('* quantifier ....'); System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[amn]*', 'ammmna'));//true (a or m or n may come zero or more times) }}  

Metaznaky regulárneho výrazu

Metaznaky regulárneho výrazu fungujú ako krátke kódy.

Príklad metaznakov regulárneho výrazu

 import java.util.regex.*; class RegexExample5{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println('metacharacters d....');\d means digit System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\d', 'abc'));//false (non-digit) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\d', '1'));//true (digit and comes once) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\d', '4443'));//false (digit but comes more than once) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\d', '323abc'));//false (digit and char) System.out.println('metacharacters D....');\D means non-digit System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\D', 'abc'));//false (non-digit but comes more than once) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\D', '1'));//false (digit) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\D', '4443'));//false (digit) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\D', '323abc'));//false (digit and char) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\D', 'm'));//true (non-digit and comes once) System.out.println('metacharacters D with quantifier....'); System.out.println(Pattern.matches('\D*', 'mak'));//true (non-digit and may come 0 or more times) }}  

Otázka na regulárny výraz 1

 /*Create a regular expression that accepts alphanumeric characters only. Its length must be six characters long only.*/ import java.util.regex.*; class RegexExample6{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[a-zA-Z0-9]{6}', 'arun32'));//true System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[a-zA-Z0-9]{6}', 'kkvarun32'));//false (more than 6 char) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[a-zA-Z0-9]{6}', 'JA2Uk2'));//true System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[a-zA-Z0-9]{6}', 'arun$2'));//false ($ is not matched) }}  

Otázka na regulárny výraz 2

 /*Create a regular expression that accepts 10 digit numeric characters starting with 7, 8 or 9 only.*/ import java.util.regex.*; class RegexExample7{ public static void main(String args[]){ System.out.println('by character classes and quantifiers ...'); System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[789]{1}[0-9]{9}', '9953038949'));//true System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[789][0-9]{9}', '9953038949'));//true System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[789][0-9]{9}', '99530389490'));//false (11 characters) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[789][0-9]{9}', '6953038949'));//false (starts from 6) System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[789][0-9]{9}', '8853038949'));//true System.out.println('by metacharacters ...'); System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[789]{1}\d{9}', '8853038949'));//true System.out.println(Pattern.matches('[789]{1}\d{9}', '3853038949'));//false (starts from 3) }}  

Príklad Java Regex Finder

 import java.util.regex.Pattern; import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.regex.Matcher; public class RegexExample8{ public static void main(String[] args){ Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); while (true) { System.out.println('Enter regex pattern:'); Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(sc.nextLine()); System.out.println('Enter text:'); Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(sc.nextLine()); boolean found = false; while (matcher.find()) { System.out.println('I found the text '+matcher.group()+' starting at index '+ matcher.start()+' and ending at index '+matcher.end()); found = true; } if(!found){ System.out.println('No match found.'); } } } }  

Výkon:

 Enter regex pattern: java Enter text: this is java, do you know java I found the text java starting at index 8 and ending at index 12 I found the text java starting at index 26 and ending at index 30