Ordena els parells en ordre creixent i els senars en ordre decreixent
Ens donen una matriu de n nombres diferents. La tasca és ordenar tots els nombres parells en ordre creixent i els senars en ordre decreixent. La matriu modificada hauria de contenir tots els nombres parells ordenats seguits de números imparells ordenats inversament.
Tingueu en compte que el primer element es considera parell a causa del seu índex 0.
Exemples:
Entrada: arr[] = {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7}
Sortida: arr[] = {0 2 4 6 7 5 3 1}
Explicació:
Elements parells: 0 2 4 6
Elements de lloc estrany: 1 3 5 7
Elements de lloc parells en ordre creixent:
0 2 4 6
Elements de lloc estrany en ordre decreixent:
7 5 3 1
Entrada: arr[] = {3 1 2 4 5 9 13 14 12}
Sortida: {2 3 5 12 13 14 9 4 1}
Explicació:
Elements parells: 3 2 5 13 12
Elements de lloc estrany: 1 4 9 14
Elements de lloc parells en ordre creixent:
2 3 5 12 13
Elements de lloc estrany en ordre decreixent:
14 9 4 1
[Enfocament ingenu] - O(n Log n) Temps i O (n) Espai
La idea és senzilla. Creem dues matrius auxiliars evenArr[] i oddArr[] respectivament. Travessem la matriu d'entrada i posem tots els elements parells a evenArr[] i els elements imparells a oddArr[]. A continuació, ordenem evenArr[] en ordre ascendent i oddArr[] en ordre descendent. Finalment copieu evenArr[] i oddArr[] per obtenir el resultat necessari.
C++ // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. #include using namespace std ; void bitonicGenerator ( vector < int >& arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] vector < int > evenArr ; vector < int > oddArr ; // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) { if ( ! ( i % 2 )) evenArr . push_back ( arr [ i ]); else oddArr . push_back ( arr [ i ]); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order sort ( evenArr . begin () evenArr . end ()); sort ( oddArr . begin () oddArr . end () greater < int > ()); int i = 0 ; for ( int j = 0 ; j < evenArr . size (); j ++ ) arr [ i ++ ] = evenArr [ j ]; for ( int j = 0 ; j < oddArr . size (); j ++ ) arr [ i ++ ] = oddArr [ j ]; } // Driver Program int main () { vector < int > arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) cout < < arr [ i ] < < ' ' ; return 0 ; }
Java // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. import java.util.* ; public class Main { public static void bitonicGenerator ( int [] arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] List < Integer > evenArr = new ArrayList <> (); List < Integer > oddArr = new ArrayList <> (); // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) evenArr . add ( arr [ i ] ); else oddArr . add ( arr [ i ] ); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order Collections . sort ( evenArr ); Collections . sort ( oddArr Collections . reverseOrder ()); int i = 0 ; for ( int num : evenArr ) arr [ i ++] = num ; for ( int num : oddArr ) arr [ i ++] = num ; } public static void main ( String [] args ) { int [] arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int num : arr ) System . out . print ( num + ' ' ); } }
Python # Program to separately sort even-placed and odd # placed numbers and place them together in sorted # array. def bitonic_generator ( arr ): # create evenArr[] and oddArr[] evenArr = [] oddArr = [] # Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as # per their position for i in range ( len ( arr )): if i % 2 == 0 : evenArr . append ( arr [ i ]) else : oddArr . append ( arr [ i ]) # sort evenArr[] in ascending order # sort oddArr[] in descending order evenArr . sort () oddArr . sort ( reverse = True ) i = 0 for num in evenArr : arr [ i ] = num i += 1 for num in oddArr : arr [ i ] = num i += 1 # Driver Program arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ] bitonic_generator ( arr ) print ( ' ' . join ( map ( str arr )))
C# // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; using System.Linq ; class Program { static void BitonicGenerator ( int [] arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] List < int > evenArr = new List < int > (); List < int > oddArr = new List < int > (); // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . Length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) evenArr . Add ( arr [ i ]); else oddArr . Add ( arr [ i ]); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order evenArr . Sort (); oddArr . Sort (( a b ) => b . CompareTo ( a )); int index = 0 ; foreach ( var num in evenArr ) arr [ index ++ ] = num ; foreach ( var num in oddArr ) arr [ index ++ ] = num ; } static void Main () { int [] arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; BitonicGenerator ( arr ); Console . WriteLine ( string . Join ( ' ' arr )); } }
JavaScript // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. function bitonicGenerator ( arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] const evenArr = []; const oddArr = []; // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( let i = 0 ; i < arr . length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 === 0 ) evenArr . push ( arr [ i ]); else oddArr . push ( arr [ i ]); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order evenArr . sort (( a b ) => a - b ); oddArr . sort (( a b ) => b - a ); let i = 0 ; for ( const num of evenArr ) arr [ i ++ ] = num ; for ( const num of oddArr ) arr [ i ++ ] = num ; } // Driver Program const arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ]; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); console . log ( arr . join ( ' ' ));
PHP // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. function bitonicGenerator(&$arr) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] $evenArr = []; $oddArr = []; // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position foreach ($arr as $i => $value) { if ($i % 2 === 0) $evenArr[] = $value; else $oddArr[] = $value; } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order sort($evenArr); rsort($oddArr); $i = 0; foreach ($evenArr as $num) { $arr[$i++] = $num; } foreach ($oddArr as $num) { $arr[$i++] = $num; } } // Driver Program $arr = [1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0]; bitonicGenerator($arr); echo implode(' ' $arr);
Sortida
1 2 3 6 8 9 7 5 4 0
[Enfocament esperat - 1] - O(n Log n) Temps i O(1) Espai
El problema també es pot resoldre sense l'ús de l'espai auxiliar. La idea és canviar les posicions de l'índex senar de la primera meitat amb les posicions de l'índex parelles de la segona meitat i després ordenar la matriu de la primera meitat en ordre creixent i la matriu de la segona meitat en ordre decreixent.
C++ #include using namespace std ; void bitonicGenerator ( vector < int >& arr ) { // first odd index int i = 1 ; // last index int n = arr . size (); int j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 != 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { swap ( arr [ i ] arr [ j ]); i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing sort ( arr . begin () arr . begin () + ( n + 1 ) / 2 ); // Sort second half in decreasing sort ( arr . begin () + ( n + 1 ) / 2 arr . end () greater < int > ()); } // Driver Program int main () { vector < int > arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) cout < < arr [ i ] < < ' ' ; return 0 ; }
Java import java.util.Arrays ; class BitonicGenerator { public static void bitonicGenerator ( int [] arr ) { // first odd index int i = 1 ; // last index int n = arr . length ; int j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 != 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { int temp = arr [ i ] ; arr [ i ] = arr [ j ] ; arr [ j ] = temp ; i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing order Arrays . sort ( arr 0 ( n + 1 ) / 2 ); // Sort second half in decreasing order Arrays . sort ( arr ( n + 1 ) / 2 n ); reverse ( arr ( n + 1 ) / 2 n ); } private static void reverse ( int [] arr int start int end ) { end -- ; while ( start < end ) { int temp = arr [ start ] ; arr [ start ] = arr [ end ] ; arr [ end ] = temp ; start ++ ; end -- ; } } // Driver Program public static void main ( String [] args ) { int [] arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int num : arr ) { System . out . print ( num + ' ' ); } } }
Python def bitonic_generator ( arr ): # first odd index i = 1 # last index n = len ( arr ) j = n - 1 # if last index is odd if j % 2 != 0 : # decrement j to even index j -= 1 # swapping till half of array while i < j : arr [ i ] arr [ j ] = arr [ j ] arr [ i ] i += 2 j -= 2 # Sort first half in increasing arr [:( n + 1 ) // 2 ] = sorted ( arr [:( n + 1 ) // 2 ]) # Sort second half in decreasing arr [( n + 1 ) // 2 :] = sorted ( arr [( n + 1 ) // 2 :] reverse = True ) # Driver Program arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ] bitonic_generator ( arr ) print ( ' ' . join ( map ( str arr )))
C# // Function to generate a bitonic sequence using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; using System.Linq ; class Program { static void BitonicGenerator ( List < int > arr ) { // first odd index int i = 1 ; // last index int n = arr . Count ; int j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 != 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { int temp = arr [ i ]; arr [ i ] = arr [ j ]; arr [ j ] = temp ; i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing arr . Sort ( 0 ( n + 1 ) / 2 ); // Sort second half in decreasing arr . Sort (( n + 1 ) / 2 n - ( n + 1 ) / 2 Comparer < int > . Create (( x y ) => y . CompareTo ( x ))); } // Driver Program static void Main () { List < int > arr = new List < int > { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; BitonicGenerator ( arr ); Console . WriteLine ( string . Join ( ' ' arr )); } }
JavaScript // Function to generate a bitonic sequence function bitonicGenerator ( arr ) { // first odd index let i = 1 ; // last index let n = arr . length ; let j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 !== 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { [ arr [ i ] arr [ j ]] = [ arr [ j ] arr [ i ]]; i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing arr . sort (( a b ) => a - b ); // Sort second half in decreasing arr . slice (( n + 1 ) / 2 ). sort (( a b ) => b - a ); } // Driver Program let arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ]; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); console . log ( arr . join ( ' ' ));
Sortida
1 2 3 6 8 9 7 5 4 0
Nota: els codis Python i JS anteriors semblen requerir espai addicional. Feu-nos saber als comentaris els vostres pensaments i qualsevol implementació alternativa.
[Enfocament esperat - 2] - O(n Log n) Temps i O(1) Espai
Un altre enfocament eficient per resoldre el problema a l'espai auxiliar O(1) és per Utilitzant la multiplicació negativa .
Els passos implicats són els següents:
- Multipliqueu tots els elements de l'índex parell per -1.
- Ordena tota la matriu. D'aquesta manera podem obtenir tots els índexs parells col·locats a l'inici ja que ara són nombres negatius.
- Ara reverteix el signe d'aquests elements.
- Després d'això, inverteix la primera meitat de la matriu que conté un nombre parell per fer-la en ordre creixent.
- A continuació, inverteix la resta de la meitat de la matriu per fer números senars en ordre decreixent.
Nota: Aquest mètode només és aplicable si tots els elements de la matriu no són negatius.
Un exemple il·lustratiu de l'enfocament anterior:
Deixem la matriu donada: arr[] = {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7}
Matriu després de multiplicar per -1 a elements parells col·locats: arr[] = {0 1 -2 3 -4 5 -6 7}
Matriu després d'ordenar: arr[] = {-6 -4 -2 0 1 3 5 7}
Matriu després de revertir els valors negatius: arr[] = {6 4 2 0 1 3 5 7}
Després d'invertir la primera meitat de la matriu: arr[] = {0 2 4 6 1 3 5 7}
Després d'invertir la segona meitat de la matriu: arr[] = {0 2 4 6 7 5 3 1}
A continuació es mostra el codi de l'enfocament anterior:
C++ #include using namespace std ; void bitonicGenerator ( vector < int >& arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) arr [ i ] = -1 * arr [ i ]; } // Sorting the whole array sort ( arr . begin () arr . end ()); // Finding the middle value of // the array int mid = ( arr . size () - 1 ) / 2 ; // Reverting the changed sign for ( int i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr [ i ] = -1 * arr [ i ]; } // Reverse first half of array reverse ( arr . begin () arr . begin () + mid + 1 ); // Reverse second half of array reverse ( arr . begin () + mid + 1 arr . end ()); } // Driver Program int main () { vector < int > arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) cout < < arr [ i ] < < ' ' ; return 0 ; }
Java import java.util.Arrays ; import java.util.List ; public class BitonicGenerator { public static void bitonicGenerator ( List < Integer > arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) arr . set ( i - 1 * arr . get ( i )); } // Sorting the whole array Collections . sort ( arr ); // Finding the middle value of // the array int mid = ( arr . size () - 1 ) / 2 ; // Reverting the changed sign for ( int i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr . set ( i - 1 * arr . get ( i )); } // Reverse first half of array Collections . reverse ( arr . subList ( 0 mid + 1 )); // Reverse second half of array Collections . reverse ( arr . subList ( mid + 1 arr . size ())); } // Driver Program public static void main ( String [] args ) { List < Integer > arr = Arrays . asList ( 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ); bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i : arr ) System . out . print ( i + ' ' ); } }
Python def bitonic_generator ( arr ): # Making all even placed index # element negative for i in range ( len ( arr )): if i % 2 == 0 : arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ] # Sorting the whole array arr . sort () # Finding the middle value of # the array mid = ( len ( arr ) - 1 ) // 2 # Reverting the changed sign for i in range ( mid + 1 ): arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ] # Reverse first half of array arr [: mid + 1 ] = reversed ( arr [: mid + 1 ]) # Reverse second half of array arr [ mid + 1 :] = reversed ( arr [ mid + 1 :]) # Driver Program arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ] bitonic_generator ( arr ) print ( ' ' . join ( map ( str arr )))
C# using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; using System.Linq ; class BitonicGenerator { public static void BitonicGeneratorMethod ( List < int > arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . Count ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Sorting the whole array arr . Sort (); // Finding the middle value of // the array int mid = ( arr . Count - 1 ) / 2 ; // Reverting the changed sign for ( int i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Reverse first half of array arr . Take ( mid + 1 ). Reverse (). ToList (). CopyTo ( arr ); // Reverse second half of array arr . Skip ( mid + 1 ). Reverse (). ToList (). CopyTo ( arr mid + 1 ); } // Driver Program public static void Main () { List < int > arr = new List < int > { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; BitonicGeneratorMethod ( arr ); Console . WriteLine ( string . Join ( ' ' arr )); } }
JavaScript function bitonicGenerator ( arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( let i = 0 ; i < arr . length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 === 0 ) arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Sorting the whole array arr . sort (( a b ) => a - b ); // Finding the middle value of // the array const mid = Math . floor (( arr . length - 1 ) / 2 ); // Reverting the changed sign for ( let i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Reverse first half of array arr . slice ( 0 mid + 1 ). reverse (). forEach (( val index ) => arr [ index ] = val ); // Reverse second half of array arr . slice ( mid + 1 ). reverse (). forEach (( val index ) => arr [ mid + 1 + index ] = val ); } // Driver Program let arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ]; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); console . log ( arr . join ( ' ' ));
Sortida
1 2 3 6 8 9 7 5 4 0
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