Imprimiu tots els nombres d'n dígits amb la diferència de suma de dígits parells i senars com a 1
Donat un nombre enter n que representa el nombre de dígits. La tasca és imprimir-ho tot nombres de n xifres de manera que la diferència absoluta entre la suma de dígits a les posicions parells i les posicions senars és exactament 1 .
Nota : El número no ha de començar per (no es permeten zeros inicials).
Exemples:
Entrada : n = 2
Sortida : 10 12 21 23 32 34 43 45 54 56 65 67 76 78 87 89 98
Entrada : n = 3
Sortida : 100 111 120 122 131 133 142 144 153 155 164 166 175 177 186
188 197 199 210 221 230 232 241 243 252 254 263 265 274 276 285
287 296 298 320 331 340 342 351 353 362 364 373 375 384 386 395
397 430 441 450 452 461 463 472 474 483 485 494 496 540 551 560
562 571 573 582 584 593 595 650 661 670 672 681 683 692 694 760
771 780 782 791 793 870 881 890 892 980 991
[Enfocament esperat] Ús de la recursió
C++La idea és fer recursivament genera tots els nombres de n dígits mentre seguiment de la suma de dígits a fins i tot i estrany posicions utilitzant dues variables. Per a una posició determinada, l'omplim amb tots els dígits del 0 al 9 i en funció de si la posició actual és parell o senar, incrementem la suma parell o senar. Tractem els 0 inicials per separat, ja que no es compten com a dígits.
Hem seguit la numeració basada en zero com els índexs de matriu. és a dir, el dígit inicial (l'extrem esquerre) es considera present a la posició parell i el dígit al costat es considera en la posició senar, etc.
// C++ program to print all n-digit numbers such that // the absolute difference between the sum of digits at // even and odd positions is 1 #include using namespace std ; // Recursive function to generate numbers void findNDigitNumsUtil ( int pos int n int num int evenSum int oddSum vector < int > & res ) { // If number is formed if ( pos == n ) { // Check absolute difference condition if ( abs ( evenSum - oddSum ) == 1 ) { res . push_back ( num ); } return ; } // Digits to consider at current position for ( int d = 0 ; d <= 9 ; d ++ ) { // Skip leading 0 if ( pos == 0 && d == 0 ) { continue ; } // If position is even (0-based) add to evenSum if ( pos % 2 == 0 ) { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum + d oddSum res ); } // If position is odd add to oddSum else { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum oddSum + d res ); } } } // Function to prepare and collect valid numbers vector < int > findNDigitNums ( int n ) { vector < int > res ; findNDigitNumsUtil ( 0 n 0 0 0 res ); return res ; } // Driver code int main () { int n = 2 ; vector < int > res = findNDigitNums ( n ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < res . size (); i ++ ) { cout < < res [ i ] < < ' ' ; } return 0 ; }
Java // Java program to print all n-digit numbers such that // the absolute difference between the sum of digits at // even and odd positions is 1 import java.util.* ; class GfG { // Recursive function to generate numbers static void findNDigitNumsUtil ( int pos int n int num int evenSum int oddSum ArrayList < Integer > res ) { // If number is formed if ( pos == n ) { // Check absolute difference condition if ( Math . abs ( evenSum - oddSum ) == 1 ) { res . add ( num ); } return ; } // Digits to consider at current position for ( int d = 0 ; d <= 9 ; d ++ ) { // Skip leading 0 if ( pos == 0 && d == 0 ) { continue ; } // If position is even (0-based) add to evenSum if ( pos % 2 == 0 ) { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum + d oddSum res ); } // If position is odd add to oddSum else { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum oddSum + d res ); } } } // Function to prepare and collect valid numbers static ArrayList < Integer > findNDigitNums ( int n ) { ArrayList < Integer > res = new ArrayList <> (); findNDigitNumsUtil ( 0 n 0 0 0 res ); return res ; } // Driver code public static void main ( String [] args ) { int n = 2 ; ArrayList < Integer > res = findNDigitNums ( n ); // Print all collected valid numbers for ( int i = 0 ; i < res . size (); i ++ ) { System . out . print ( res . get ( i ) + ' ' ); } } }
Python # Python program to print all n-digit numbers such that # the absolute difference between the sum of digits at # even and odd positions is 1 # Recursive function to generate numbers def findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos n num evenSum oddSum res ): # If number is formed if pos == n : # Check absolute difference condition if abs ( evenSum - oddSum ) == 1 : res . append ( num ) return # Digits to consider at current position for d in range ( 10 ): # Skip leading 0 if pos == 0 and d == 0 : continue # If position is even (0-based) add to evenSum if pos % 2 == 0 : findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum + d oddSum res ) # If position is odd add to oddSum else : findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum oddSum + d res ) # Function to prepare and collect valid numbers def findNDigitNums ( n ): res = [] findNDigitNumsUtil ( 0 n 0 0 0 res ) return res # Driver code if __name__ == '__main__' : n = 2 res = findNDigitNums ( n ) # Print all collected valid numbers for i in range ( len ( res )): print ( res [ i ] end = ' ' )
C# // C# program to print all n-digit numbers such that // the absolute difference between the sum of digits at // even and odd positions is 1 using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; class GfG { // Recursive function to generate numbers static void findNDigitNumsUtil ( int pos int n int num int evenSum int oddSum List < int > res ) { // If number is formed if ( pos == n ) { // Check absolute difference condition if ( Math . Abs ( evenSum - oddSum ) == 1 ) { res . Add ( num ); } return ; } // Digits to consider at current position for ( int d = 0 ; d <= 9 ; d ++ ) { // Skip leading 0 if ( pos == 0 && d == 0 ) { continue ; } // If position is even (0-based) add to evenSum if ( pos % 2 == 0 ) { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum + d oddSum res ); } // If position is odd add to oddSum else { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum oddSum + d res ); } } } // Function to prepare and collect valid numbers static List < int > findNDigitNums ( int n ) { List < int > res = new List < int > (); findNDigitNumsUtil ( 0 n 0 0 0 res ); return res ; } // Driver code public static void Main ( string [] args ) { int n = 2 ; List < int > res = findNDigitNums ( n ); // Print all collected valid numbers for ( int i = 0 ; i < res . Count ; i ++ ) { Console . Write ( res [ i ] + ' ' ); } } }
JavaScript // JavaScript program to print all n-digit numbers such that // the absolute difference between the sum of digits at // even and odd positions is 1 // Recursive function to generate numbers function findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos n num evenSum oddSum res ) { // If number is formed if ( pos === n ) { // Check absolute difference condition if ( Math . abs ( evenSum - oddSum ) === 1 ) { res . push ( num ); } return ; } // Digits to consider at current position for ( let d = 0 ; d <= 9 ; d ++ ) { // Skip leading 0 if ( pos === 0 && d === 0 ) { continue ; } // If position is even (0-based) add to evenSum if ( pos % 2 === 0 ) { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum + d oddSum res ); } // If position is odd add to oddSum else { findNDigitNumsUtil ( pos + 1 n num * 10 + d evenSum oddSum + d res ); } } } // Function to prepare and collect valid numbers function findNDigitNums ( n ) { let res = []; findNDigitNumsUtil ( 0 n 0 0 0 res ); return res ; } // Driver code let n = 2 ; let res = findNDigitNums ( n ); // Print all collected valid numbers for ( let i = 0 ; i < res . length ; i ++ ) { process . stdout . write ( res [ i ] + ' ' ); }
Sortida
10 12 21 23 32 34 43 45 54 56 65 67 76 78 87 89 98
Complexitat temporal: O(9 × 10^(n-1)) ja que cada dígit té fins a 10 opcions (excepte la primera que en té 9).
Complexitat espacial: O(n + k) on n és la profunditat de recursivitat i k és el nombre de resultats vàlids.
