Distinkta strängar med udda och jämna ändringar tillåtna
Givet en uppsättning strängar med små bokstäver är uppgiften att hitta antalet strängar som är distinkta. Två strängar är distinkta om den andra strängen inte kan bildas vid tillämpning av följande operationer på en sträng.
- Ett tecken på det udda indexet kan endast bytas ut mot ett annat tecken på det udda indexet.
- Ett tecken på jämnt index kan endast bytas ut mot ett annat tecken på jämnt index.
Exempel:
Input : arr[] = {'abcd' 'cbad' 'bacd'} Output : 2 The 2nd string can be converted to the 1st by swapping the first and third characters. So there are 2 distinct strings as the third string cannot be converted to the first. Input : arr[] = {'abc' 'cba'} Output : 1 A enkel lösning är att köra två slingor. Den yttre slingan väljer en sträng och den inre slingan kontrollerar om det finns en tidigare sträng som kan konverteras till en aktuell sträng genom att göra tillåtna transformationer. Denna lösning kräver O(n 2 m) tid där n är antalet strängar och m är det maximala antalet tecken i en sträng.
En effektiv lösning genererar en kodad sträng för varje inmatningssträng. Den kodade har antal jämna och udda placerade tecken separerade av en avgränsare. Två strängar anses vara lika om deras kodade strängar är desamma, annars inte. När vi väl har ett sätt att koda strängar reduceras problemet till att räkna distinkta kodade strängar. Detta är ett typiskt problem med hashing. Vi skapar en hash-uppsättning och en efter en lagrar kodningar av strängar. Om en kodning redan finns ignorerar vi strängen. Annars lagrar vi kodning i hash och inkrementantal av distinkta strängar.
Genomförande:
C++ #include using namespace std ; int MAX_CHAR = 26 ; string encodeString ( char str [] int m ) { // hashEven stores the count of even indexed character // for each string hashOdd stores the count of odd // indexed characters for each string int hashEven [ MAX_CHAR ]; int hashOdd [ MAX_CHAR ]; memset ( hashEven 0 sizeof ( hashEven )); memset ( hashOdd 0 sizeof ( hashOdd )); // creating hash for each string for ( int i = 0 ; i < m ; i ++ ) { char c = str [ i ]; if (( i & 1 ) != 0 ) // If index of current character is odd hashOdd [ c - 'a' ] ++ ; else hashEven [ c - 'a' ] ++ ; } // For every character from 'a' to 'z' we store its // count at even position followed by a separator // followed by count at odd position. string encoding = '' ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < MAX_CHAR ; i ++ ) { encoding += ( hashEven [ i ]); encoding += ( '-' ); encoding += ( hashOdd [ i ]); encoding += ( '-' ); } return encoding ; } // This function basically uses a hashing based set to // store strings which are distinct according // to criteria given in question. int countDistinct ( string input [] int n ) { int countDist = 0 ; // Initialize result // Create an empty set and store all distinct // strings in it. set < string > s ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++ ) { // If this encoding appears first time increment // count of distinct encodings. char char_array [ input [ i ]. length ()]; strcpy ( char_array input [ i ]. c_str ()); if ( s . find ( encodeString ( char_array input [ i ]. length ())) == s . end ()) { s . insert ( encodeString ( char_array input [ i ]. length ())); countDist ++ ; } } return countDist ; } int main () { string input [] = { 'abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc' }; int n = sizeof ( input ) / sizeof ( input [ 0 ]); cout < < countDistinct ( input n ) < < ' n ' ; } // This code is contributed by Harshit Sharma.
Java // Java program to count distinct strings with // even odd swapping allowed. import java.util.HashSet ; import java.util.Set ; class GFG { static int MAX_CHAR = 26 ; static String encodeString ( char [] str ) { // hashEven stores the count of even indexed character // for each string hashOdd stores the count of odd // indexed characters for each string int hashEven [] = new int [ MAX_CHAR ] ; int hashOdd [] = new int [ MAX_CHAR ] ; // creating hash for each string for ( int i = 0 ; i < str . length ; i ++ ) { char c = str [ i ] ; if (( i & 1 ) != 0 ) // If index of current character is odd hashOdd [ c - 'a' ]++ ; else hashEven [ c - 'a' ]++ ; } // For every character from 'a' to 'z' we store its // count at even position followed by a separator // followed by count at odd position. String encoding = '' ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < MAX_CHAR ; i ++ ) { encoding += ( hashEven [ i ] ); encoding += ( '-' ); encoding += ( hashOdd [ i ] ); encoding += ( '-' ); } return encoding ; } // This function basically uses a hashing based set to // store strings which are distinct according // to criteria given in question. static int countDistinct ( String input [] int n ) { int countDist = 0 ; // Initialize result // Create an empty set and store all distinct // strings in it. Set < String > s = new HashSet <> (); for ( int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++ ) { // If this encoding appears first time increment // count of distinct encodings. if ( ! s . contains ( encodeString ( input [ i ] . toCharArray ()))) { s . add ( encodeString ( input [ i ] . toCharArray ())); countDist ++ ; } } return countDist ; } public static void main ( String [] args ) { String input [] = { 'abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc' }; int n = input . length ; System . out . println ( countDistinct ( input n )); } }
Python3 # Python3 program to count distinct strings with # even odd swapping allowed. MAX_CHAR = 26 # Returns encoding of string that can be used # for hashing. The idea is to return same encoding # for strings which can become same after swapping # a even positioned character with other even characters # OR swapping an odd character with other odd characters. def encodeString ( string ): # hashEven stores the count of even indexed character # for each string hashOdd stores the count of odd # indexed characters for each string hashEven = [ 0 ] * MAX_CHAR hashOdd = [ 0 ] * MAX_CHAR # creating hash for each string for i in range ( len ( string )): c = string [ i ] if i & 1 : # If index of current character is odd hashOdd [ ord ( c ) - ord ( 'a' )] += 1 else : hashEven [ ord ( c ) - ord ( 'a' )] += 1 # For every character from 'a' to 'z' we store its # count at even position followed by a separator # followed by count at odd position. encoding = '' for i in range ( MAX_CHAR ): encoding += str ( hashEven [ i ]) encoding += str ( '-' ) encoding += str ( hashOdd [ i ]) encoding += str ( '-' ) return encoding # This function basically uses a hashing based set to # store strings which are distinct according # to criteria given in question. def countDistinct ( input n ): countDist = 0 # Initialize result # Create an empty set and store all distinct # strings in it. s = set () for i in range ( n ): # If this encoding appears first time increment # count of distinct encodings. if encodeString ( input [ i ]) not in s : s . add ( encodeString ( input [ i ])) countDist += 1 return countDist # Driver Code if __name__ == '__main__' : input = [ 'abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc' ] n = len ( input ) print ( countDistinct ( input n )) # This code is contributed by # sanjeev2552
C# // C# program to count distinct strings with // even odd swapping allowed. using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; class GFG { static int MAX_CHAR = 26 ; static String encodeString ( char [] str ) { // hashEven stores the count of even // indexed character for each string // hashOdd stores the count of odd // indexed characters for each string int [] hashEven = new int [ MAX_CHAR ]; int [] hashOdd = new int [ MAX_CHAR ]; // creating hash for each string for ( int i = 0 ; i < str . Length ; i ++ ) { char m = str [ i ]; // If index of current character is odd if (( i & 1 ) != 0 ) hashOdd [ m - 'a' ] ++ ; else hashEven [ m - 'a' ] ++ ; } // For every character from 'a' to 'z' // we store its count at even position // followed by a separator // followed by count at odd position. String encoding = '' ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < MAX_CHAR ; i ++ ) { encoding += ( hashEven [ i ]); encoding += ( '-' ); encoding += ( hashOdd [ i ]); encoding += ( '-' ); } return encoding ; } // This function basically uses a hashing based set // to store strings which are distinct according // to criteria given in question. static int countDistinct ( String [] input int n ) { int countDist = 0 ; // Initialize result // Create an empty set and store all distinct // strings in it. HashSet < String > s = new HashSet < String > (); for ( int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++ ) { // If this encoding appears first time // increment count of distinct encodings. if ( ! s . Contains ( encodeString ( input [ i ]. ToCharArray ()))) { s . Add ( encodeString ( input [ i ]. ToCharArray ())); countDist ++ ; } } return countDist ; } // Driver Code public static void Main ( String [] args ) { String [] input = { 'abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc' }; int n = input . Length ; Console . WriteLine ( countDistinct ( input n )); } } // This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar
JavaScript < script > // Javascript program to count distinct strings with // even odd swapping allowed let MAX_CHAR = 26 ; function encodeString ( str ) { // hashEven stores the count of even indexed character // for each string hashOdd stores the count of odd // indexed characters for each string let hashEven = Array ( MAX_CHAR ). fill ( 0 ); let hashOdd = Array ( MAX_CHAR ). fill ( 0 ); // creating hash for each string for ( let i = 0 ; i < str . length ; i ++ ) { let c = str [ i ]; if (( i & 1 ) != 0 ) // If index of current character is odd hashOdd [ c . charCodeAt () - 'a' . charCodeAt ()] ++ ; else hashEven [ c . charCodeAt () - 'a' . charCodeAt ()] ++ ; } // For every character from 'a' to 'z' we store its // count at even position followed by a separator // followed by count at odd position. let encoding = '' ; for ( let i = 0 ; i < MAX_CHAR ; i ++ ) { encoding += ( hashEven [ i ]); encoding += ( '-' ); encoding += ( hashOdd [ i ]); encoding += ( '-' ); } return encoding ; } // This function basically uses a hashing based set to // store strings which are distinct according // to criteria given in question. function countDistinct ( input n ) { let countDist = 0 ; // Initialize result // Create an empty set and store all distinct // strings in it. let s = new Set (); for ( let i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++ ) { // If this encoding appears first time increment // count of distinct encodings. if ( ! s . has ( encodeString ( input [ i ]. split ( '' )))) { s . add ( encodeString ( input [ i ]. split ( '' ))); countDist ++ ; } } return countDist ; } // Driver program let input = [ 'abcd' 'acbd' 'adcb' 'cdba' 'bcda' 'badc' ]; let n = input . length ; document . write ( countDistinct ( input n )); < /script>
Produktion
4
Tidskomplexitet : På)
Hjälputrymme: O(1)
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