N -tice v C ++
Tuple je objekt, ktorý dokáže obsahovať niekoľko prvkov. Prvky môžu mať rôzne typy údajov. Prvky n -tikov sa inicializujú ako argumenty, v ktorých budú prístupné. Trysky sú všestrannou dátovou štruktúrou pre zoskupovanie hodnôt. Porozumieť tomu, ako používať n -tice v C ++ a ich aplikáciách Kurz C ++ Poskytuje komplexné návody a príklady.
Operácie na Tuple
1. Get (): get () sa používa na prístup k hodnotám tuple a ich úpravu, akceptuje názov indexu a tupého ako argumenty na prístup k konkrétnemu prvku Tuple.
2. Make_tuple (): Make_tuple () sa používa na priradenie Tuple s hodnotami. Hodnoty odovzdané by mali byť v poriadku s hodnotami deklarovanými v tupom.
CPP #include #include using namespace std ; int main () { // Declaring tuple tuple < char int float > geek ; // Assigning values to tuple using make_tuple() geek = make_tuple ( 'a' 10 15.5 ); // Printing initial tuple values using get() cout < < 'The initial values of tuple are: ' ; cout < < get < 0 > ( geek ) < < ' ' < < get < 1 > ( geek ); cout < < ' ' < < get < 2 > ( geek ) < < endl ; // Use of get() to change values of tuple get < 0 > ( geek ) = 'b' ; get < 2 > ( geek ) = 20.5 ; // Printing modified tuple values cout < < 'The modified values of tuple are: ' ; cout < < get < 0 > ( geek ) < < ' ' < < get < 1 > ( geek ); cout < < ' ' < < get < 2 > ( geek ) < < endl ; return 0 ; }
Výstup
The initial values of tuple are: a 10 15.5 The modified values of tuple are: b 10 20.5
Vysvetlenie : Vo vyššie uvedenom kóde get () modifikuje 1. a 3. hodnotu tupého.
3. Tuple_size: Vráti počet prvkov prítomných v tuple.
CPP #include #include using namespace std ; int main () { // Initializing tuple tuple < char int float > geek ( 20 'g' 17.5 ); // Use of size to find tuple_size of tuple cout < < 'The size of tuple is: ' ; cout < < tuple_size < decltype ( geek ) >:: value ; return 0 ; }
Výstup
The size of tuple is: 3
4. Swap (): Swap () vymení prvky dvoch rôznych n -tí.
CPP #include #include using namespace std ; int main () { // Initializing 1st tuple tuple < int char float > tup1 ( 20 'g' 17.5 ); // Initializing 2nd tuple tuple < int char float > tup2 ( 10 'f' 15.5 ); // Printing 1st and 2nd tuple before swapping cout < < 'The first tuple elements before swapping are: ' ; cout < < get < 0 > ( tup1 ) < < ' ' < < get < 1 > ( tup1 ) < < ' ' < < get < 2 > ( tup1 ) < < endl ; cout < < 'The second tuple elements before swapping are: ' ; cout < < get < 0 > ( tup2 ) < < ' ' < < get < 1 > ( tup2 ) < < ' ' < < get < 2 > ( tup2 ) < < endl ; // Swapping tup1 values with tup2 tup1 . swap ( tup2 ); // Printing 1st and 2nd tuple after swapping cout < < 'The first tuple elements after swapping are: ' ; cout < < get < 0 > ( tup1 ) < < ' ' < < get < 1 > ( tup1 ) < < ' ' < < get < 2 > ( tup1 ) < < endl ; cout < < 'The second tuple elements after swapping are: ' ; cout < < get < 0 > ( tup2 ) < < ' ' < < get < 1 > ( tup2 ) < < ' ' < < get < 2 > ( tup2 ) < < endl ; return 0 ; }
Výstup
The first tuple elements before swapping are: 20 g 17.5
The second tuple elements before swapping are: 10 f 15.5
The first tuple elements after swapping are: 10 f 15.5
The second tuple elements after swapping are: 20 g 17.55. TIE () : Prácou Tie () je rozbaliť hodnoty tupých do samostatných premenných. Existujú dve varianty kravaty () s a bez „ignorovania“ ignoruje konkrétny prvok Tuple a bráni mu v rozbalení.
CPP#include // for tie() and tuple using namespace std ; int main () { // Initializing variables for unpacking int i_val ; char ch_val ; float f_val ; // Initializing tuple tuple < int char float > tup1 ( 20 'g' 17.5 ); // Use of tie() without ignore tie ( i_val ch_val f_val ) = tup1 ; // Displaying unpacked tuple elements without ignore cout < < 'The unpacked tuple values (without ignore) are: ' ; cout < < i_val < < ' ' < < ch_val < < ' ' < < f_val ; cout < < endl ; // Use of tie() with ignore // ignores char value tie ( i_val ignore f_val ) = tup1 ; // Displaying unpacked tuple elements with ignore cout < < 'The unpacked tuple values (with ignore) are: ' ; cout < < i_val < < ' ' < < f_val ; cout < < endl ; return 0 ; }
VýstupThe unpacked tuple values (without ignore) are: 20 g 17.5 The unpacked tuple values (with ignore) are: 20 17.56. Tuple_cat (): Táto funkcia zreťazuje dve n -tice a vracia nový n -tit.
CPP#include // for tuple_cat() and tuple using namespace std ; int main () { // Initializing 1st tuple tuple < int char float > tup1 ( 20 'g' 17.5 ); // Initializing 2nd tuple tuple < int char float > tup2 ( 30 'f' 10.5 ); // Concatenating 2 tuples to return a new tuple auto tup3 = tuple_cat ( tup1 tup2 ); // Displaying new tuple elements cout < < 'The new tuple elements in order are: ' ; cout < < get < 0 > ( tup3 ) < < ' ' < < get < 1 > ( tup3 ) < < ' ' < < get < 2 > ( tup3 ) < < ' ' < < get < 3 > ( tup3 ) < < ' ' < < get < 4 > ( tup3 ) < < ' ' < < get < 5 > ( tup3 ) < < endl ; return 0 ; }
VýstupThe new tuple elements in order are: 20 g 17.5 30 f 10.5
