# Python program to demonstrate    # ChainMap    from   collections   import   ChainMap   d1   =   {  'a'  :   1     'b'  :   2  }   d2   =   {  'c'  :   3     'd'  :   4  }   d3   =   {  'e'  :   5     'f'  :   6  }   # Defining the chainmap    c   =   ChainMap  (  d1     d2     d3  )   print  (  c  )   

   # Please select Python 3 for running this code in IDE   # Python code to demonstrate ChainMap and   # keys() values() and maps   # importing collections for ChainMap operations   import   collections   # initializing dictionaries   dic1   =   {   'a'   :   1     'b'   :   2   }   dic2   =   {   'b'   :   3     'c'   :   4   }   # initializing ChainMap   chain   =   collections  .  ChainMap  (  dic1     dic2  )   # printing chainMap using maps   print   (  'All the ChainMap contents are : '  )   print   (  chain  .  maps  )   # printing keys using keys()   print   (  'All keys of ChainMap are : '  )   print   (  list  (  chain  .  keys  ()))   # printing keys using keys()   print   (  'All values of ChainMap are : '  )   print   (  list  (  chain  .  values  ()))   

   # Please select Python 3 for running this code in IDE   # Python code to demonstrate ChainMap and   # reversed() and new_child()   # importing collections for ChainMap operations   import   collections   # initializing dictionaries   dic1   =   {   'a'   :   1     'b'   :   2   }   dic2   =   {   'b'   :   3     'c'   :   4   }   dic3   =   {   'f'   :   5   }   # initializing ChainMap   chain   =   collections  .  ChainMap  (  dic1     dic2  )   # printing chainMap using map   print   (  'All the ChainMap contents are : '  )   print   (  chain  .  maps  )   # using new_child() to add new dictionary   chain1   =   chain  .  new_child  (  dic3  )   # printing chainMap using map   print   (  'Displaying new ChainMap : '  )   print   (  chain1  .  maps  )   # displaying value associated with b before reversing   print   (  'Value associated with b before reversing is : '    end  =  ''  )   print   (  chain1  [  'b'  ])   # reversing the ChainMap   chain1  .  maps   =   reversed  (  chain1  .  maps  )   # displaying value associated with b after reversing   print   (  'Value associated with b after reversing is : '    end  =  ''  )   print   (  chain1  [  'b'  ])