Lajittele parilliset kasvavaan ja parittomat laskevaan järjestykseen
Meille annetaan joukko n erillistä numeroa. Tehtävänä on lajitella kaikki parilliset luvut kasvavaan ja parittomat laskevaan järjestykseen. Muokatun taulukon tulee sisältää kaikki lajitellut parilliset luvut, joita seuraa käänteisesti järjestetyt parittomat luvut.
Huomaa, että ensimmäistä elementtiä pidetään parillisena sen indeksin 0 vuoksi.
Esimerkkejä:
Syöte: arr[] = {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7}
Lähtö: arr[] = {0 2 4 6 7 5 3 1}
Selitys:
Tasaiset elementit: 0 2 4 6
Parittomat elementit: 1 3 5 7
Tasaiset elementit kasvavassa järjestyksessä:
0 2 4 6
Odd-Place -elementit laskevassa järjestyksessä:
7 5 3 1
Syöte: arr[] = {3 1 2 4 5 9 13 14 12}
Lähtö: {2 3 5 12 13 14 9 4 1}
Selitys:
Tasaiset elementit: 3 2 5 13 12
Parittomat elementit: 1 4 9 14
Tasaiset elementit kasvavassa järjestyksessä:
2 3 5 12 13
Odd-Place -elementit laskevassa järjestyksessä:
14 9 4 1
[Naiivi lähestymistapa] - O(n Log n) aika ja O(n) avaruus
Idea on yksinkertainen. Luomme kaksi aputaulukkoa evenArr[] ja oddArr[]. Käymme syötetaulukon läpi ja laitamme kaikki parilliset elementit hakemistoon evenArr[] ja parittomat elementit kenttään oddArr[]. Sitten lajittelemme evenArr[] nousevaan ja oddArr[] laskevaan järjestykseen. Kopioi lopuksi evenArr[] ja oddArr[] saadaksesi vaaditun tuloksen.
C++ // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. #include using namespace std ; void bitonicGenerator ( vector < int >& arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] vector < int > evenArr ; vector < int > oddArr ; // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) { if ( ! ( i % 2 )) evenArr . push_back ( arr [ i ]); else oddArr . push_back ( arr [ i ]); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order sort ( evenArr . begin () evenArr . end ()); sort ( oddArr . begin () oddArr . end () greater < int > ()); int i = 0 ; for ( int j = 0 ; j < evenArr . size (); j ++ ) arr [ i ++ ] = evenArr [ j ]; for ( int j = 0 ; j < oddArr . size (); j ++ ) arr [ i ++ ] = oddArr [ j ]; } // Driver Program int main () { vector < int > arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) cout < < arr [ i ] < < ' ' ; return 0 ; }
Java // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. import java.util.* ; public class Main { public static void bitonicGenerator ( int [] arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] List < Integer > evenArr = new ArrayList <> (); List < Integer > oddArr = new ArrayList <> (); // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) evenArr . add ( arr [ i ] ); else oddArr . add ( arr [ i ] ); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order Collections . sort ( evenArr ); Collections . sort ( oddArr Collections . reverseOrder ()); int i = 0 ; for ( int num : evenArr ) arr [ i ++] = num ; for ( int num : oddArr ) arr [ i ++] = num ; } public static void main ( String [] args ) { int [] arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int num : arr ) System . out . print ( num + ' ' ); } }
Python # Program to separately sort even-placed and odd # placed numbers and place them together in sorted # array. def bitonic_generator ( arr ): # create evenArr[] and oddArr[] evenArr = [] oddArr = [] # Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as # per their position for i in range ( len ( arr )): if i % 2 == 0 : evenArr . append ( arr [ i ]) else : oddArr . append ( arr [ i ]) # sort evenArr[] in ascending order # sort oddArr[] in descending order evenArr . sort () oddArr . sort ( reverse = True ) i = 0 for num in evenArr : arr [ i ] = num i += 1 for num in oddArr : arr [ i ] = num i += 1 # Driver Program arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ] bitonic_generator ( arr ) print ( ' ' . join ( map ( str arr )))
C# // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; using System.Linq ; class Program { static void BitonicGenerator ( int [] arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] List < int > evenArr = new List < int > (); List < int > oddArr = new List < int > (); // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . Length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) evenArr . Add ( arr [ i ]); else oddArr . Add ( arr [ i ]); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order evenArr . Sort (); oddArr . Sort (( a b ) => b . CompareTo ( a )); int index = 0 ; foreach ( var num in evenArr ) arr [ index ++ ] = num ; foreach ( var num in oddArr ) arr [ index ++ ] = num ; } static void Main () { int [] arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; BitonicGenerator ( arr ); Console . WriteLine ( string . Join ( ' ' arr )); } }
JavaScript // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. function bitonicGenerator ( arr ) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] const evenArr = []; const oddArr = []; // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position for ( let i = 0 ; i < arr . length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 === 0 ) evenArr . push ( arr [ i ]); else oddArr . push ( arr [ i ]); } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order evenArr . sort (( a b ) => a - b ); oddArr . sort (( a b ) => b - a ); let i = 0 ; for ( const num of evenArr ) arr [ i ++ ] = num ; for ( const num of oddArr ) arr [ i ++ ] = num ; } // Driver Program const arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ]; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); console . log ( arr . join ( ' ' ));
PHP // Program to separately sort even-placed and odd // placed numbers and place them together in sorted // array. function bitonicGenerator(&$arr) { // create evenArr[] and oddArr[] $evenArr = []; $oddArr = []; // Put elements in oddArr[] and evenArr[] as // per their position foreach ($arr as $i => $value) { if ($i % 2 === 0) $evenArr[] = $value; else $oddArr[] = $value; } // sort evenArr[] in ascending order // sort oddArr[] in descending order sort($evenArr); rsort($oddArr); $i = 0; foreach ($evenArr as $num) { $arr[$i++] = $num; } foreach ($oddArr as $num) { $arr[$i++] = $num; } } // Driver Program $arr = [1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0]; bitonicGenerator($arr); echo implode(' ' $arr);
Lähtö
1 2 3 6 8 9 7 5 4 0
[Odotettu lähestyminen - 1] - O(n Log n) aika ja O(1)-avaruus
Ongelma voidaan ratkaista myös ilman aputilaa. Ajatuksena on vaihtaa ensimmäisen puoliskon parittomat indeksipaikat toisen puoliskon parillisiin indeksipaikkoihin ja lajitella sitten ensimmäinen puolisko kasvavaan ja toinen puolikas matriisi laskevaan järjestykseen.
C++ #include using namespace std ; void bitonicGenerator ( vector < int >& arr ) { // first odd index int i = 1 ; // last index int n = arr . size (); int j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 != 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { swap ( arr [ i ] arr [ j ]); i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing sort ( arr . begin () arr . begin () + ( n + 1 ) / 2 ); // Sort second half in decreasing sort ( arr . begin () + ( n + 1 ) / 2 arr . end () greater < int > ()); } // Driver Program int main () { vector < int > arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) cout < < arr [ i ] < < ' ' ; return 0 ; }
Java import java.util.Arrays ; class BitonicGenerator { public static void bitonicGenerator ( int [] arr ) { // first odd index int i = 1 ; // last index int n = arr . length ; int j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 != 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { int temp = arr [ i ] ; arr [ i ] = arr [ j ] ; arr [ j ] = temp ; i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing order Arrays . sort ( arr 0 ( n + 1 ) / 2 ); // Sort second half in decreasing order Arrays . sort ( arr ( n + 1 ) / 2 n ); reverse ( arr ( n + 1 ) / 2 n ); } private static void reverse ( int [] arr int start int end ) { end -- ; while ( start < end ) { int temp = arr [ start ] ; arr [ start ] = arr [ end ] ; arr [ end ] = temp ; start ++ ; end -- ; } } // Driver Program public static void main ( String [] args ) { int [] arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int num : arr ) { System . out . print ( num + ' ' ); } } }
Python def bitonic_generator ( arr ): # first odd index i = 1 # last index n = len ( arr ) j = n - 1 # if last index is odd if j % 2 != 0 : # decrement j to even index j -= 1 # swapping till half of array while i < j : arr [ i ] arr [ j ] = arr [ j ] arr [ i ] i += 2 j -= 2 # Sort first half in increasing arr [:( n + 1 ) // 2 ] = sorted ( arr [:( n + 1 ) // 2 ]) # Sort second half in decreasing arr [( n + 1 ) // 2 :] = sorted ( arr [( n + 1 ) // 2 :] reverse = True ) # Driver Program arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ] bitonic_generator ( arr ) print ( ' ' . join ( map ( str arr )))
C# // Function to generate a bitonic sequence using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; using System.Linq ; class Program { static void BitonicGenerator ( List < int > arr ) { // first odd index int i = 1 ; // last index int n = arr . Count ; int j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 != 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { int temp = arr [ i ]; arr [ i ] = arr [ j ]; arr [ j ] = temp ; i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing arr . Sort ( 0 ( n + 1 ) / 2 ); // Sort second half in decreasing arr . Sort (( n + 1 ) / 2 n - ( n + 1 ) / 2 Comparer < int > . Create (( x y ) => y . CompareTo ( x ))); } // Driver Program static void Main () { List < int > arr = new List < int > { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; BitonicGenerator ( arr ); Console . WriteLine ( string . Join ( ' ' arr )); } }
JavaScript // Function to generate a bitonic sequence function bitonicGenerator ( arr ) { // first odd index let i = 1 ; // last index let n = arr . length ; let j = n - 1 ; // if last index is odd if ( j % 2 !== 0 ) // decrement j to even index j -- ; // swapping till half of array while ( i < j ) { [ arr [ i ] arr [ j ]] = [ arr [ j ] arr [ i ]]; i += 2 ; j -= 2 ; } // Sort first half in increasing arr . sort (( a b ) => a - b ); // Sort second half in decreasing arr . slice (( n + 1 ) / 2 ). sort (( a b ) => b - a ); } // Driver Program let arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ]; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); console . log ( arr . join ( ' ' ));
Lähtö
1 2 3 6 8 9 7 5 4 0
Huomautus: Yllä olevat Python- ja JS-koodit näyttävät vaativan lisätilaa. Kerro meille kommenteissa ajatuksistasi ja mahdollisista vaihtoehtoisista toteutuksista.
[Odotettu lähestyminen - 2] - O(n Log n) aika ja O(1)-avaruus
Toinen tehokas tapa ratkaista ongelma O(1)-apuavaruudessa on Negatiivisen kertolaskun käyttäminen .
Siihen liittyvät vaiheet ovat seuraavat:
- Kerro kaikki parillisen indeksin elementit -1:llä.
- Lajittele koko joukko. Tällä tavalla saamme kaikki parilliset indeksit alkuun, koska ne ovat nyt negatiivisia lukuja.
- Palauta nyt näiden elementtien merkki.
- Tämän jälkeen käännä taulukon ensimmäinen puolisko, joka sisältää parillisen luvun, tehdäksesi siitä kasvavassa järjestyksessä.
- Ja käännä sitten taulukon loput puolet, jotta parittomat luvut ovat laskevassa järjestyksessä.
Huomautus: Tätä menetelmää voidaan soveltaa vain, jos kaikki taulukon elementit eivät ole negatiivisia.
Havainnollistava esimerkki yllä olevasta lähestymistavasta:
Olkoon annettu taulukko: arr[] = {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7}
Taulukko kerrottuna -1:llä parillisiin elementteihin: arr[] = {0 1 -2 3 -4 5 -6 7}
Taulukko lajittelun jälkeen: arr[] = {-6 -4 -2 0 1 3 5 7}
Taulukko negatiivisten arvojen palauttamisen jälkeen: arr[] = {6 4 2 0 1 3 5 7}
Kun taulukon ensimmäinen puolisko on käännetty: arr[] = 0 2 4 6 1 3 5 7}
Matriisin toisen puoliskon kääntämisen jälkeen: arr[] = 0 2 4 6 7 5 3 1}
Alla on koodi yllä olevalle lähestymistavalle:
C++ #include using namespace std ; void bitonicGenerator ( vector < int >& arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) arr [ i ] = -1 * arr [ i ]; } // Sorting the whole array sort ( arr . begin () arr . end ()); // Finding the middle value of // the array int mid = ( arr . size () - 1 ) / 2 ; // Reverting the changed sign for ( int i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr [ i ] = -1 * arr [ i ]; } // Reverse first half of array reverse ( arr . begin () arr . begin () + mid + 1 ); // Reverse second half of array reverse ( arr . begin () + mid + 1 arr . end ()); } // Driver Program int main () { vector < int > arr = { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) cout < < arr [ i ] < < ' ' ; return 0 ; }
Java import java.util.Arrays ; import java.util.List ; public class BitonicGenerator { public static void bitonicGenerator ( List < Integer > arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . size (); i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) arr . set ( i - 1 * arr . get ( i )); } // Sorting the whole array Collections . sort ( arr ); // Finding the middle value of // the array int mid = ( arr . size () - 1 ) / 2 ; // Reverting the changed sign for ( int i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr . set ( i - 1 * arr . get ( i )); } // Reverse first half of array Collections . reverse ( arr . subList ( 0 mid + 1 )); // Reverse second half of array Collections . reverse ( arr . subList ( mid + 1 arr . size ())); } // Driver Program public static void main ( String [] args ) { List < Integer > arr = Arrays . asList ( 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ); bitonicGenerator ( arr ); for ( int i : arr ) System . out . print ( i + ' ' ); } }
Python def bitonic_generator ( arr ): # Making all even placed index # element negative for i in range ( len ( arr )): if i % 2 == 0 : arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ] # Sorting the whole array arr . sort () # Finding the middle value of # the array mid = ( len ( arr ) - 1 ) // 2 # Reverting the changed sign for i in range ( mid + 1 ): arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ] # Reverse first half of array arr [: mid + 1 ] = reversed ( arr [: mid + 1 ]) # Reverse second half of array arr [ mid + 1 :] = reversed ( arr [ mid + 1 :]) # Driver Program arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ] bitonic_generator ( arr ) print ( ' ' . join ( map ( str arr )))
C# using System ; using System.Collections.Generic ; using System.Linq ; class BitonicGenerator { public static void BitonicGeneratorMethod ( List < int > arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( int i = 0 ; i < arr . Count ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 == 0 ) arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Sorting the whole array arr . Sort (); // Finding the middle value of // the array int mid = ( arr . Count - 1 ) / 2 ; // Reverting the changed sign for ( int i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Reverse first half of array arr . Take ( mid + 1 ). Reverse (). ToList (). CopyTo ( arr ); // Reverse second half of array arr . Skip ( mid + 1 ). Reverse (). ToList (). CopyTo ( arr mid + 1 ); } // Driver Program public static void Main () { List < int > arr = new List < int > { 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 }; BitonicGeneratorMethod ( arr ); Console . WriteLine ( string . Join ( ' ' arr )); } }
JavaScript function bitonicGenerator ( arr ) { // Making all even placed index // element negative for ( let i = 0 ; i < arr . length ; i ++ ) { if ( i % 2 === 0 ) arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Sorting the whole array arr . sort (( a b ) => a - b ); // Finding the middle value of // the array const mid = Math . floor (( arr . length - 1 ) / 2 ); // Reverting the changed sign for ( let i = 0 ; i <= mid ; i ++ ) { arr [ i ] = - 1 * arr [ i ]; } // Reverse first half of array arr . slice ( 0 mid + 1 ). reverse (). forEach (( val index ) => arr [ index ] = val ); // Reverse second half of array arr . slice ( mid + 1 ). reverse (). forEach (( val index ) => arr [ mid + 1 + index ] = val ); } // Driver Program let arr = [ 1 5 8 9 6 7 3 4 2 0 ]; bitonicGenerator ( arr ); console . log ( arr . join ( ' ' ));
Lähtö
1 2 3 6 8 9 7 5 4 0
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