randint() Funktion i Python
dato() er en indbygget funktion af tilfældigt modul i Python3. Det tilfældige modul giver adgang til forskellige nyttige funktioner, en af dem er i stand til at generere tilfældige tal, dvs dato() . I denne artikel lærer vi om randint i Python .
Python randint() Metodesyntaks
Syntaks : randint(start, slut)
Parametre:
(start, slut): Begge skal være heltalstypeværdier.
Vender tilbage :
Et tilfældigt heltal i området [start, slut] inklusive slutpunkterne.
Fejl og undtagelser:
ValueError: Returnerer en ValueError, når flydende kommaværdier sendes som parametre.
TypeError: Returnerer en TypeError, når andet end numeriske værdier sendes som parametre.
Hvordan fungerer randint() i Python?
I dette eksempel bruger vi randint()-metoden i Python til at finde et tilfældigt tal i et givet område.
Python3
# Python3 program explaining work> # of randint() function> # imports random module> import> random> # Generates a random number between> # a given positive range> r1> => random.randint(> 0> ,> 10> )> print> (> 'Random number between 0 and 10 is % s'> %> (r1))> # Generates a random number between> # two given negative range> r2> => random.randint(> -> 10> ,> -> 1> )> print> (> 'Random number between -10 and -1 is % d'> %> (r2))> # Generates a random number between> # a positive and a negative range> r3> => random.randint(> -> 5> ,> 5> )> print> (> 'Random number between -5 and 5 is % d'> %> (r3))> |
Produktion
Random number between 0 and 10 is 2 Random number between -10 and -1 is -7 Random number between -5 and 5 is -3
Randint()-metodeeksempel
Flere Randint Python-metodekald
I dette eksempel laver vi flere random.randint() metodekald i Python.
Python3
import> random> beg,end> => 1> ,> 1000> for> i> in> range> (> 5> ):> > print> (random.randint(beg, end))> |
Produktion
94 550 236 145 747
Program til at demonstrere ValueError
I dette eksempel ser vi, at hvis vi sender de flydende kommaværdier som parametre i randint()-funktionen, så opstår der en ValueError.
Python3
# imports random module> import> random> '''If we pass floating point values as> parameters in the randint() function'''> r1> => random.randint(> 1.23> ,> 9.34> )> print> (r1)> |
Output:
Traceback (most recent call last): File '/home/f813370b9ea61dd5d55d7dadc8ed5171.py', line 6, in r1=random.randint(1.23, 9.34) File '/usr/lib/python3.5/random.py', line 218, in randint return self.randrange(a, b+1) File '/usr/lib/python3.5/random.py', line 182, in randrange raise ValueError('non-integer arg 1 for randrange()') ValueError: non-integer arg 1 for randrange() Program til at demonstrere TypeError
I dette eksempel kan vi se, at hvis vi sender streng- eller tegnliteraler som parametre i randint()-funktionen, så opstår der en TypeError.
Python3
# imports random> import> random> '''If we pass string or character literals as> parameters in the randint() function'''> r2> => random.randint(> 'a'> ,> 'z'> )> print> (r2)> |
Output:
Traceback (most recent call last): File '/home/fb805b21fea0e29c6a65f62b99998953.py', line 5, in r2=random.randint('a', 'z') File '/usr/lib/python3.5/random.py', line 218, in randint return self.randrange(a, b+1) TypeError: Can't convert 'int' object to str implicitly Ansøgninger: Randint()-funktionen kan bruges til at simulere en situation med heldig trækning. Lad os sige, at brugeren har deltaget i en konkurrence om lodtrækning. Brugeren får tre chancer for at gætte tallet mellem 1 og 10. Hvis gættet er korrekt, vinder brugeren, ellers taber konkurrencen.
Python3
# importing randint function> # from random module> from> random> import> randint> # Function which generates a new> # random number everytime it executes> def> generator():> > return> randint(> 1> ,> 10> )> > # Function takes user input and returns> # true or false depending whether the> # user wins the lucky draw!> def> rand_guess():> > # calls generator() which returns a> > # random integer between 1 and 10> > random_number> => generator()> > > # defining the number of> > # guesses the user gets> > guess_left> => 3> > # Setting a flag variable to check> > # the win-condition for user> > flag> => 0> > # looping the number of times> > # the user gets chances> > while> guess_left>> 0> :> > # Taking a input from the user> > guess> => int> (> input> (> 'Pick your number to '> > 'enter the lucky draw
'> ))> > # checking whether user's guess> > # matches the generated win-condition> > if> guess> => => random_number:> > # setting flag as 1 if user guesses> > # correctly and then loop is broken> > flag> => 1> > break> > > else> :> > > # If user's choice doesn't match> > # win-condition then it is printed> > print> (> 'Wrong Guess!!'> )> > # Decrementing number of> > # guesses left by 1> > guess_left> -> => 1> > # If win-condition is satisfied then,> > # the function rand_guess returns True> > if> flag> is> 1> :> > return> True> > # Else the function returns False> > else> :> > return> False> # Driver code> if> __name__> => => '__main__'> :> > if> rand_guess()> is> True> :> > print> (> 'Congrats!! You Win.'> )> > else> :> > print> (> 'Sorry, You Lost!'> )> |
Produktion
Pick your number to enter the lucky draw 8 Wrong Guess!! Pick your number to enter the lucky draw 9 Wrong Guess!! Pick your number to enter the lucky draw 0 Congrats!! You Win.
